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ISC CISSP（Certified Information Systems Security Professional）試験は、情報セキュリティプロフェッショナルのスキルと知識を検証する、世界的に認知された認定プログラムです。国際情報システムセキュリティ認定コンソーシアム（ISC）²によって管理されているCISSP認定プログラムは、個人が情報セキュリティの8つのドメインを深く理解するのを支援するために設計されています。試験は、セキュリティとリスク管理、アセットセキュリティ、セキュリティエンジニアリング、通信およびネットワークセキュリティ、アイデンティティおよびアクセス管理、セキュリティ評価とテスト、セキュリティオペレーション、およびソフトウェア開発セキュリティなどのトピックをカバーしています。

CISSP難易度受験料

試験の準備方法-高品質なCISSP難易度受験料試験-最新のCISSP最新テスト

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ISC Certified Information Systems Security Professional 認定 CISSP 試験問題 (Q148-Q153):

質問 # 148
Additional padding may be added to toe Encapsulating Security Protocol (ESP) b trailer to provide which of the following?

A. Partial traffic flow confidentiality
B. Data origin authentication
C. Access control
D. Protection against replay attack

正解：D

質問 # 149
Which of the following biometric devices has the lowest user acceptance level?

A. Hand geometry
B. Fingerprint scan
C. Retina Scan
D. Signature recognition

正解：C

解説：
According to the cited reference, of the given options, the Retina scan has the lowest user acceptance level as it is needed for the user to get his eye close to a device and it is not user friendly and very intrusive.
However, retina scan is the most precise with about one error per 10 millions usage.
Look at the 2 tables below. If necessary right click on the image and save it on your desktop for a larger view or visit the web site directly at
https://sites.google.com/site/biometricsecuritysolutions/crossover-accuracy .
Biometric Comparison Chart
Biometric Aspect Descriptions
Reference(s) used for this question:
RHODES, Keith A., Chief Technologist, United States General Accounting Office, National
Preparedness, Technologies to Secure Federal Buildings, April 2002 (page 10).
and
https://sites.google.com/site/biometricsecuritysolutions/crossover-accuracy

質問 # 150
Using Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) reduces the potential for which of the following attacks?

A. Man-in-the-middle (MITM)
B. Heap overflow
C. SQL injection (SQLi)
D. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)

正解：B

質問 # 151
In which layer of the OSI Model are connection-oriented protocols located in the TCP/IP suite of protocols?

A. Physical layer
B. Network layer
C. Application layer
D. Transport layer

正解：D

解説：
Connection-oriented protocols such as TCP provides reliability.
It is the responsibility of such protocols in the transport layer to ensure every byte is accounted for.
The network layer does not provide reliability. It only privides the best route to get the traffic to the
final destination address.
For your exam you should know the information below about OSI model:
The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI) is a conceptual model that characterizes and
standardizes the internal functions of a communication system by partitioning it into abstraction
layers. The model is a product of the Open Systems Interconnection project at the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO), maintained by the identification ISO/IEC 7498-1.
The model groups communication functions into seven logical layers. A layer serves the layer
above it and is served by the layer below it. For example, a layer that provides error-free
communications across a network provides the path needed by applications above it, while it calls
the next lower layer to send and receive packets that make up the contents of that path. Two
instances at one layer are connected by a horizontal.
OSI Model
Image source: http://www.petri.co.il/images/osi_model.JPG
PHYSICAL LAYER
The physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model, is concerned with the transmission and
reception of the unstructured raw bit stream over a physical medium. It describes the
electrical/optical, mechanical, and functional interfaces to the physical medium, and carries the
signals for all of the higher layers. It provides:
Data encoding: modifies the simple digital signal pattern (1s and 0s) used by the PC to better
accommodate the characteristics of the physical medium, and to aid in bit and frame
synchronization. It determines:
What signal state represents a binary 1
How the receiving station knows when a "bit-time" starts
How the receiving station delimits a frame
DATA LINK LAYER
The data link layer provides error-free transfer of data frames from one node to another over the
physical layer, allowing layers above it to assume virtually error-free transmission over the link. To
do this, the data link layer provides:
Link establishment and termination: establishes and terminates the logical link between two
nodes.
Frame traffic control: tells the transmitting node to "back-off" when no frame buffers are available.
Frame sequencing: transmits/receives frames sequentially.
Frame acknowledgment: provides/expects frame acknowledgments. Detects and recovers from
errors that occur in the physical layer by retransmitting non-acknowledged frames and handling
duplicate frame receipt.
Frame delimiting: creates and recognizes frame boundaries.
Frame error checking: checks received frames for integrity.
Media access management: determines when the node "has the right" to use the physical
medium.
NETWORK LAYER
The network layer controls the operation of the subnet, deciding which physical path the data
should take based on network conditions, priority of service, and other factors. It provides:
Routing: routes frames among networks.
Subnet traffic control: routers (network layer intermediate systems) can instruct a sending station
to "throttle back" its frame transmission when the router's buffer fills up.
Frame fragmentation: if it determines that a downstream router's maximum transmission unit
(MTU) size is less than the frame size, a router can fragment a frame for transmission and re-
assembly at the destination station.
Logical-physical address mapping: translates logical addresses, or names, into physical
addresses.
Subnet usage accounting: has accounting functions to keep track of frames forwarded by subnet
intermediate systems, to produce billing information.
Communications Subnet
The network layer software must build headers so that the network layer software residing in the
subnet intermediate systems can recognize them and use them to route data to the destination
address.
This layer relieves the upper layers of the need to know anything about the data transmission and
intermediate switching technologies used to connect systems. It establishes, maintains and
terminates connections across the intervening communications facility (one or several
intermediate systems in the communication subnet).
In the network layer and the layers below, peer protocols exist between a node and its immediate
neighbor, but the neighbor may be a node through which data is routed, not the destination
station. The source and destination stations may be separated by many intermediate systems.
TRANSPORT LAYER
The transport layer ensures that messages are delivered error-free, in sequence, and with no
losses or duplications. It relieves the higher layer protocols from any concern with the transfer of
data between them and their peers.
The size and complexity of a transport protocol depends on the type of service it can get from the
network layer. For a reliable network layer with virtual circuit capability, a minimal transport layer is
required. If the network layer is unreliable and/or only supports datagrams, the transport protocol
should include extensive error detection and recovery.
The transport layer provides:
Message segmentation: accepts a message from the (session) layer above it, splits the message
into smaller units (if not already small enough), and passes the smaller units down to the network
layer. The transport layer at the destination station reassembles the message.
Message acknowledgment: provides reliable end-to-end message delivery with acknowledgments.
Message traffic control: tells the transmitting station to "back-off" when no message buffers are
available.
Session multiplexing: multiplexes several message streams, or sessions onto one logical link and
keeps track of which messages belong to which sessions (see session layer).
Typically, the transport layer can accept relatively large messages, but there are strict message
size limits imposed by the network (or lower) layer. Consequently, the transport layer must break
up the messages into smaller units, or frames, prepending a header to each frame.
The transport layer header information must then include control information, such as message
start and message end flags, to enable the transport layer on the other end to recognize message
boundaries. In addition, if the lower layers do not maintain sequence, the transport header must
contain sequence information to enable the transport layer on the receiving end to get the pieces
back together in the right order before handing the received message up to the layer above.
End-to-end layers
Unlike the lower "subnet" layers whose protocol is between immediately adjacent nodes, the
transport layer and the layers above are true "source to destination" or end-to-end layers, and are
not concerned with the details of the underlying communications facility. Transport layer software
(and software above it) on the source station carries on a conversation with similar software on the
destination station by using message headers and control messages.
SESSION LAYER
The session layer allows session establishment between processes running on different stations.
It provides:
Session establishment, maintenance and termination: allows two application processes on
different machines to establish, use and terminate a connection, called a session.
Session support: performs the functions that allow these processes to communicate over the
network, performing security, name recognition, logging, and so on.
PRESENTATION LAYER
The presentation layer formats the data to be presented to the application layer. It can be viewed
as the translator for the network. This layer may translate data from a format used by the
application layer into a common format at the sending station, then translate the common format to
a format known to the application layer at the receiving station.
The presentation layer provides:
Character code translation: for example, ASCII to EBCDIC.
Data conversion: bit order, CR-CR/LF, integer-floating point, and so on.
Data compression: reduces the number of bits that need to be transmitted on the network.
Data encryption: encrypt data for security purposes. For example, password encryption.
APPLICATION LAYER
The application layer serves as the window for users and application processes to access network
services. This layer contains a variety of commonly needed functions:
Resource sharing and device redirection
Remote file access
Remote printer access
Inter-process communication
Network management
Directory services Electronic messaging (such as mail) Network virtual terminals
The following were incorrect answers: Application Layer - The application layer serves as the window for users and application processes to access network services. Network layer - The network layer controls the operation of the subnet, deciding which physical path the data should take based on network conditions, priority of service, and other factors. Physical Layer - The physical layer, the lowest layer of the OSI model, is concerned with the transmission and reception of the unstructured raw bit stream over a physical medium. It describes the electrical/optical, mechanical, and functional interfaces to the physical medium, and carries the signals for all of the higher layers.
The following reference(s) were/was used to create this question:
CISA review manual 2014 Page number 260 and Official ISC2 guide to CISSP CBK 3rd Edition Page number 287 and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tcp_protocol

質問 # 152
What is the purpose of certification path validation?

A. Checks that all certificates in the certification path refer to same certification practice statement.
B. Checks the legitimacy of the certificates in the certification path.
C. Checks that no revoked certificates exist outside the certification path.
D. Checks that the names in the certification path are the same.

正解：B

解説：
Not C.Revoked certificates are not checked outside the certification path.
"A Transaction with Digital Certificates
1.)Subscribing entity sends Digital Certificate Application to Certificate Authority.
2.)Certificate Authority issues Signed Digital Certificate to Subscribing Entity.
3.)Certificate Authority sends Certificate Transaction to Repository.
4.)Subscribing Entity Signs and sends to Party Transacting with Subscriber.
5.)Party Transacting with Subscriber queries Repository to verify Subscribers Public Key.
6.)Repository responds to Party Transacting with Subscriber the verification request."
Pg. 214 Krutz: The CISSP Prep Guide: Gold Edition.
"John needs to obtain a digital certificate for himself so that he can participate in a PKI, so he
makes a request to the RA. The RA requests certain identification from John, like a copy of his
driver's licens, his phone number, address, and other identification information. Once the RA
receives the required informoration from John and verifies it, the RA sends his certificate request
to the CA. The CA creates a certificate with John's public key and identify information embedded.
(The private/public key pair is either generated by the CA or on John's machine, which depends
on the systems' configurations. If it is created at the CA, his private key needs to be sent to him by
secure means. In most cases the user generates this pair and sends in his public key during the
registration process.) Now John is registered and can participate in PKI. John decides he wants to
communicate with Diane, so he requests Diane's public key from a public directory. The directory,
sometimes called a repository, sends Diane's public key, and John uses this to encrypt a session
key that will be used to encrypt their messages. John sends the encrypted session key to Diane.
Jon then sends his certificate, containing his public key, to Diane. When Diane receives John's
certificate, her browser looks to see if it trusts the CA that digitally signed this certificate. Diane's
browser trusts this CA, and she makes a reques to the CA to see if this certificate is still valid. The
CA responds that the certificate is valid, so Diane decrypts the session key with her private key.
Now they can both communicate using encryption." Pg 499 Shon Harris: All-In-One CISSP
Certification Guide.

質問 # 153
......

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